Monga tikudziwira kuti zambiri zasintha kwa injini, mphamvu zamainjini sizinali zapamwamba pakusintha mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu zamakina. Mphamvu zambiri mu petulo (pafupifupi 70%) zimasinthidwa kukhala kutentha, ndipo kutaya kutentha kumeneku ndi ntchito ya dongosolo lozizira la galimoto. Ndipotu, galimoto yoyendetsa pamsewu waukulu, kutentha komwe kumatayika chifukwa cha kuzizira kwake kumakhala kokwanira kutentha nyumba ziwiri wamba! Ngati injiniyo imakhala yozizira, idzafulumizitsa kuvala kwa zigawo, motero kuchepetsa mphamvu ya injini ndikutulutsa zowononga zambiri.
Choncho, ntchito ina yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo loziziritsira ndi kutenthetsa injini mwamsanga ndi kuisunga pa kutentha kosalekeza. Mafuta amayaka mosalekeza mu injini yagalimoto. Kutentha kochuluka komwe kumapangidwa munjira yoyaka moto kumatulutsidwa kuchokera ku makina otulutsa mpweya, koma kutentha kwina kumakhalabe mu injiniyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti itenthe. Kutentha kwa choziziritsa kuzizira ndi pafupifupi 93 ° C, injini imafika pamalo ake ogwirira ntchito.
Ntchito ya choziziritsira mafuta ndikuziziritsa mafuta opaka mafuta ndikusunga kutentha kwamafuta mkati mwanthawi yogwira ntchito. Mu injini yowonjezereka yamphamvu, chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, chozizira chamafuta chiyenera kuikidwa. Pamene injini ikuyenda, kukhuthala kwa mafuta kumakhala kochepa kwambiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya mafuta. Choncho, injini zina zili ndi choziziritsira mafuta, zomwe ntchito yake ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mafuta ndi kusunga kukhuthala kwa mafuta odzola. Kuzizira kwamafuta kumakonzedwa mumayendedwe ozungulira amafuta amtundu wamafuta.
Mitundu ya mafuta ozizira:
1) Woziziritsa mpweya wozizira wamafuta
Pakatikati pa chozizira chamafuta oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya chimapangidwa ndi machubu ambiri ozizirira ndi mbale zozizirira. Galimoto ikamathamanga, mphepo yomwe ikubwera ya galimotoyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa phata la mafuta otentha otentha. Zozizira zamafuta zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya zimafuna mpweya wabwino wozungulira. N'zovuta kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wokwanira malo pa magalimoto wamba, ndipo kawirikawiri ntchito kawirikawiri. Kuzizira kwamtunduwu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto othamanga chifukwa cha liwiro lalikulu lagalimoto yothamanga komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya wozizira kwambiri.
2) Madzi ozizira ozizira mafuta
Mafuta ozizirirapo amaikidwa m'madzi ozizira, ndipo kutentha kwa madzi ozizira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kutentha kwa mafuta opaka mafuta. Pamene kutentha kwa mafuta opangira mafuta kumakhala kwakukulu, kutentha kwa mafuta opangira mafuta kumachepetsedwa ndi madzi ozizira. Injini ikayambika, kutentha kumatengedwa kuchokera m'madzi ozizira kuti kutentha kwamafuta opaka mafuta kukwera mofulumira. Chozizira chamafuta chimapangidwa ndi chipolopolo chopangidwa ndi aluminium alloy, chivundikiro chakutsogolo, chivundikiro chakumbuyo ndi chubu chapakati chamkuwa. Kuti aziziziritsa bwino, zotengera kutentha zimayikidwa kunja kwa chubu. Madzi ozizira amayenda kunja kwa chubu, ndipo mafuta opaka mafuta amayenda mkati mwa chubu, ndipo awiriwo amasinthanitsa kutentha. Palinso zida zomwe mafuta amayenda kunja kwa chitoliro ndipo madzi amayenda mkati mwa chitoliro.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-19-2021